Diseases of the joints in the human body that bear on the background of degenerative changes, a common name for arthritis. They can be of different origin, but they all have similar mechanisms of development. However, depending on which part of the musculoskeletal system involved in the pathological process of this disease has its own name. If the disease develops in the knee joint, it bears the title gonarthrosis, ie, osteoarthritis of the knee. To avoid to save the king's meadow function and disability, in the case of the advanced Form of the disease, the hospital will need to stay, and surgical treatment. And in the debut of the primary symptoms of the disease can be the treatment, the art rose of a knee joint with the help of drugs, massage and other methods successfully, and at home.
What is osteoarthritis of the knee joint, of the development Mechanisms is
Osteoarthritis of the knee osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joints is a fairly common disease in medical practice, especially in patients older than 40 years.
The anatomical structure of the knee is a little more complicated than the other joints. He uncovered muscles and makes movement in a plane, and its healthy biomechanics is very dependent on the functional state of the hip joint and the ankle joint.
In the case of the king's meadow-osteoarthritis is a gradual destruction of cartilage, covers the surface sustainableuse toe bone.
The joint is deformed, violated its function. The Patient feels pain in the knees, trouble walking.
According to statistics, women suffer from this disease more often than men. And particularly attentive to the signs of a developing disease, the women with overweight and inclination should are varicose veins.
Causes of pathology
There are two forms of osteoarthritis of the knee joint: primary and secondary.
Primary at the beginning of his development early in childhood or adolescence.
The reason for the emergence of this disease serves areas in an incorrect formation of the ligaments or the actual joint. So, the biomechanics of the body, and during the journey he is his abilities burdens disproportionately. This leads to degenerative changes in the king's meadow in both legs.
Secondary. This Form of osteoarthritis is a result of other diseases or injuries of the knee joint. Degenerative processes can relate to both king's meadow or just one of them.
Among the most important reasons of the emergence of secondary osteoarthritis of the knee joints:
- Bone fractures of the lower extremities, king's meadow, bruises and sprains, with injury to cartilaginous tissue of the joint, or the ligaments;
- Flat feet, causes a shift of the center of gravity of the body and increase the burden on the legs;
- surgical removal of the meniscus, leading to a rapid wear and tear of all structures of the knee joint;
- Diseases of the blood vessels of the lower extremities, the influence on the nutrition of the cartilaginous tissue;
- unnecessarily high physical stress, which is characteristic for athletes;
- Violation of the metabolic processes in the body, and obesity;
- Arthritis, especially if the course of the disease is accompanied by abundant formation of fluid in the joint cavity;
- hereditary factors.
The extent and symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee joint
All the malice osteoarthritis of the knee consists in the fact that this disease develops slowly enough and, in the process, at the first stage, is almost asymptomatic. Many months or even years the Patient may not be aware of about the disease, only occasionally complained of discomfort in the king's meadow.
The initial stage of the osteoarthritis of the knee makes insignificant pain in the first morning steps, when driving on the stairs, in gym class. No or external changes in the configuration of the knee has not happened.
The entrance of the second Phase of the development of the disease, the pain is more pronounced, are a result of any movement, and accompanied by a distinct crunch. Cavity of the knee joint is inflamed, it forms a liquid. On examination and Palpation the beginning of a noticeable Deformation of the organ. The extent of the movements in it reduces.
For the third stage of osteoarthritis of the knee typical pain syndrome, that doesn't go away, even if there is no movement. Many patients also complain to an amplification of the pain from climatic changes. The knee joints of patients that lose at this stage of the development of the disease, almost all of their locomotor function.
False position of the king's meadow is explicitly expressed, the legs of the patient take Over-shaped or X-shaped. Greatly the pace of change.
The symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee develops on the background of injuries, faster manifest. The king's meadow swells, the constant pain, which intensified after active physical loads. Later, a feeling of stiffness occurs in the joint. In the case of the post-traumatic course of the disease from the first symptoms up to severe changes in only a few months to happen.
Diagnostic Studies
Diagnosis of the disease based on the analysis of the complaints of the patient, his individual risk factors, clinical symptoms and results of instrumental studies.
The easiest and most cost-effective method for the extraction of reliable information about the condition of the articulation is x-ray diagnostics. You will find a minimum of in two views: frontal and sideways. Snapshots show the extent of the lesion of the cartilage and bone surfaces of the joint.
Ultrasound examination of the knee joint gives the possibility to analyze the scope and condition of the fluid in the joint cavity, to evaluate the condition of the soft parts, vessels, ligaments, muscles.
Magnetic resonance and computed tomography provide the greatest amount of information. They allow a detailed three-dimensional model of the investigated organ.
Conservative therapy of osteoarthritis in the home
Depending on the stage of the disease and the severity of the lesion of the organ, the doctor for an individual treatment regimen for each patient. Osteoarthritis requires a systematic approach to the treatment!
In the second and third Phase of the development of the disease osteoarthritis heal completely excluded, but the good results of the treatment long-term Remission can be achieved if the pathology of the symptoms are totally absent or only minimal.
In the initial stage, maybe almost a full recovery if they properly diagnosed the cause of the osteoarthritis, and have the ability to eliminate it (the liberation of the patients of obesity, for example).
The treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee is pursuing the following objectives:
- the elimination of a painful syndrome;
- the maximum recovery of the damaged cartilage and ligaments;
- Increase in the mobility of the knee joint.
And for their services applied to the whole complex of therapeutic measures should be.
Pharmacological treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee
Initially, you need to facilitate the patient's condition, reducing the pain and inflammation. To cope with this task well, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs of the last Generation. These drugs have important advantages in the use in comparison with their predecessors, a side effect of the dehydration of cartilage tissue was what provoked its further destruction. Effectively reducing the inflammation and pain, NSAIDs, the new Generation no harmful effects on the cartilaginous joint surface. But, nevertheless, a long time friction need to take with caution and only after prescription by a doctor.
To relieve home quickly, pain to reduce the inflammation a compress solution dimexidum helps with novocaine and hydrocortisone.
Often enough osteoarthritis of the knee for relief of pain and inflammation in the joint cavity hormone preparations are introduced. Also resources are allocated, the muscles relax and the vascular spasms, improves blood circulation.
After the relief of acute inflammatory process in Remission very good intra-proven-articular injection of hyaluronic acid, which homeopathic like natural synovial fluid. Enveloping deformed surface, protects and penetrates to the interior of the cartilage, increasing its strength and elasticity.
In the adjuvant drug therapy for osteoarthritis of the knee joint patients not necessarily required to splash chondroprotectors to restore cartilage tissue in the Form of ointments, tablets,.
Its main ingredients – glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are necessary for the body, to the Stimulation of the synthesis of synovial fluid, improve the lubricating effect, the recovery of the cartilage.
Physiotherapy and massage
Massage and physiotherapy are to relieve pain, clamps, and relax muscle spasms around the affected king's meadow, improve tissue circulation and nutrition of the joint, correct use of the Position of the bone, increase the volume of movements.
Nutrition at king's meadow-osteoarthritis
An important Element in the treatment of osteoarthritis a diet.
Patients who are overweight, need to get rid of extra pounds.
Scientists believe that half of it can reduce the intensity of pain and significantly improved mobility of the knee joints in osteoarthritis, if you only have 10 % of the excess weight. People need to rethink your diet and give up some products, in particular, sharp, smoked and pickled food, fat grades of meat and alcohol.
The largest part of the menu should be Able to fresh steamed or in dishes of them. From meat products is more cooking jellied meat should, as this court collagen and Elastin, cells containing the desired cartilage tissue for the restoration of their normal structure. Increase the intake of foods containing calcium. For information: calcium is present in large quantities in large quantities in cottage cheese, milk products, hard cheese, milk and sesame seeds. Particularly useful are the foods that contain gelatin: fish in aspic, pudding, jelly are. In the gelatin a lot of chondroprotectors for the strengthening of the cartilage and prevention of trauma and thinning.
To stop using to doctor king meadow-pad for osteoarthritis of the knee pain syndrome helps in the acute Phase, and mobility of the joint recover. The effect is achieved by the reduction of the direct load on the affected joint. The Bandage promotes the restoration of blood circulation in the tissues and nutrition of the cartilage.
Traditional methods of treatment
The use of the methods of traditional medicine can only be used as supportive therapy. With the consent of the doctor a certain effect only at 1 degree, and osteoarthritis in the early stages of osteoarthritis are 2 of the degree may be permitted.
Infusion of nettles, garlic and lemon juice. For the preparation of the drink should:
- you mix 100 G of leaves of a nettle with three purified heads of garlic;
- you miss the mixture through the meat grinder;
- add 4 tablespoons of freshly squeezed lemon juice;
- mix everything, add 250 ml of boiling water and cover;
- leave for 4 hours.
The finished beverage is administered orally in an amount of 50 ml for 20-30 minutes before meals. In the first week of Infusion to 1 time per day, in the next 8-14 days – 2 times a day. From the fifteenth day, increase the number of techniques, up to 3 times per day. Treatment of prolonged, a minimum of 2 months.
Tincture of the roots and Potentilla cinquefoil. A mixture of crushed roots need to pour the vodka in a ratio of 2 to 1. Medium should be a place within 3 weeks in a dark. The finished tincture take 1 tablespoon before each meal.
Vodka infusion Golden mustache. For the preparation of liqueur 15 the kolentsi Golden mustache poured 0.5 liters of vodka and infuse for half moon. The finished tincture take 1 tablespoon before meals 3-4 times per day.
Bathtub with lion's tooth. For the preparation of the bath used is the tincture of the roots of dandelion. To prepare, you need 120 G of crushed roots of dandelion, mix with 150 ml of vodka and insist in a dark place during the day. The finished tincture, pour into a container with warm water, stir, lower meadow of the King.
You take a bath is recommended 1-2 times per week. You can use this solution for the compress. After the procedure, the meadow, still less, and the mobility of the joints pain in the King. The effectiveness of the treatment will be higher if you are in the water 150 G sea salt, enriched with iodine and bromine.
Surgical treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joints
Shown in irreversible damage to the joint and involves Implantation of a metal prosthesis in place of the destroyed institution.